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Dr. Kate Willa Brown Requist

Dr. Kate Willa Brown Requist (she/her or they/them) is a researcher and Project Engineer at the University of Arizona. While studying mining, geological and geophysical engineering, she works in research across applied math; mine health and safety; environmental health and environmental science; and mine automation systems. Dr. Brown Requist enjoys teaching in mechanics of materials, fluid mechanics/thermodynamics, mine technology and mine ventilation. With a dedication to higher education and the ever-changing needs of students in the face of continuing disparities in primary and secondary education, Dr. Brown Requist champions the use of active and experiential learning to create an educational environment that can address every student's needs equitably.​

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Dr. Brown Requist received her bachelor's degree in mining engineering from the University of Arizona in 2022 while completing the first year of her graduate studies from 2021 to 2022. She has lived all over the United States, including New York, California, Arizona and Virginia, and additionally abroad in Germany. Currently, she lives with her husband, Wren, and dog, Stevie in Tucson, Arizona. Dr. Brown Requist speaks several languages, including Danish, German, Spanish and French, and plays the bassoon and knits in her spare time.

Research Philosophy

My research works with the intersection of applied mathematics and statistics, occupational and environmental health and safety, and environmental science. Over the past 100 years, the mining industry has increasingly focused on reducing workplace exposures that cause negative human health impacts and outcomes. Although controls are well established for many hazards a miner encounters in their day-to-day life, there is still a lack of understanding of the root cause of these hazards. The first step in understanding these hazards is improving the methods we use to monitor and analyze airborne contamination in underground mining. 
 

At the moment, I am investigating the use of air quality sensor networks for the sitewide estimation of contamination distributions. To achieve this, I use real-time sensing data and spatial interpolation (geostatistics) to map gas levels throughout the mine. With the use of geostatistics-based methods, I am working to develop a system that can predict a miner's total gas exposure over a full day of work based exclusively on the miner's real-time location in the mine and corresponding sensor data. This work is made possible by the 2006 MINER Act and subsequent rules published by the United States Mine Safety and Health Administration, which mandate the use of real-time sensing in underground coal mines as well as impose requirements for personnel and equipment tracking in underground mines.

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My research, as a whole, is made possible using several approaches from applied mathematics and computation. The methods I take from applied mathematics and computation are wide ranging. In the span of my PhD, I have had the privilege of applying concepts from computational combinatorics to the mining industry including geometric and algebraic combinatorics, finite geometry and partition theory. These concepts might sound complex, but these are all fancy ways of saying that I enjoy thinking about points in space and discussing how we can group them and divide them to encode new information onto the points.

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In the future, we have several outstanding questions to address regarding environmental and occupational health in the mining industry:

  • How confident can we be in our personal monitoring data?

  • How can we leverage the weather to mitigate fugitive dust and its negative health impacts on surrounding communities?

  • How can we better communicate the complex (negative and positive!) relationships between the mining industry and public health and safety?

  • How can we interface with disenfranchised communities to provide more voices at the decision-making table within the mining industry?

  • How can we look to longitudinal health data to identify occupationally acquired respiratory illnesses sooner?

  • How can bacteria help us in the process of soil remediation?

Teaching Philosophy

I am a firm believer in the notion that mining engineering is a career that transcends the usual blue collar/ white collar dichotomy found in other industries. It is rare to find career paths nowadays that mandate the cooperation of those without a university degree but plenty of professional experience, and those with a university degree who are just beginning to gain experience. This is something I see reflected in mining engineering students now, and something I saw in myself as an undergraduate in mining engineering. Incoming students in mining engineering generally come from one of two backgrounds: the student has either come from a long line of miners or has had no prior knowledge of modern mining. 


This naturally yields an interesting dichotomy between incoming students. Students arriving with a strong understanding of the mining process generally succeed as expected in mining courses because of their access to historical and institutional knowledge about mining. When a student arrives without prior knowledge of the mining life cycle, they must learn to very quickly navigate a culture that may be entirely foreign to them. Without discounting such a student, they most likely have skills in an additional field, such as mathematics or physics. Each student enters with their own skills and weaknesses, and this is why I feel it absolutely vital to meet each student exactly where they are at. With the addition of major public health events such as COVID-19, disparities in pre-college education have become more noticeable in the past few years. Every student has a right to have their needs met, and it is my goal to do so for my students at any opportunity possible.


I have found much success in the use of formative assessment occasionally during teaching. Formative assessment is a means of testing a student's knowledge through low-stakes assignments. For this, I prefer to assign small collaborative quizzes and projects to assess classroom capabilities. While formative assessments provide a strong way to measure class-wide competencies, they can only serve as a starting point. Experiential and active learning classrooms have been shown to increase material retention while meeting the needs of each student. By working in small groups, students are able to address their own deficiencies in some topics, because they have access to the help of their peers. 

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Experiential and active learning hinges on the notion that students have the ability to teach themselves, both individually and as a group. As humans, we are hard-wired for discovery. By providing the ability to discover in a classroom environment, we can help students to better build their own knowledge bases about the mining life cycle and value chain. In this way, education becomes a collaborative practice between the instructor in the student, allowing the instructor to be a guide rather than a traditional lecturer. Opportunities for hands-on experience and collaboration are critical in the teaching of mining engineering. When students can gain vital experience in the classroom, they leave courses with abilities they can turn around and use in their careers.


Higher education is often viewed as some pinnacle of difficult learning and can be a major source of stress for many students. My constant goal is to ensure that learning is enjoyable, valuable, and capable of meeting student's needs without overwhelming students. The use of collaborative work and formative assessments allow me to foster a classroom environment that is inviting for students of any educational or social background while introducing difficult and sometimes non-intuitive concepts.

Access in Mining and Academia

The mining industry has long been an industry designed specifically by and for men and able-bodied people. As a disabled, female-presenting individual, I have had first-hand experience to the inaccessibility of the mining industry. Naturally, being a field that continues to rely on routine, often extreme labor, mining has given little thought to the advancement of women, disabled individuals and other underrepresented minorities within the industry. While the average miner might be assumed to be an able-bodied man, this is rapidly becoming no longer the case. 

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As more and more women and female-presenting individuals begin to enter the mining industry, and as the core of the mining labor force continues to age, it is vital that we consider the steps we can take to ensure an accessible workplace for all employees, regardless of gender, age, or disability status. While pursuing my undergraduate degree at the University of Arizona, I came face-to-face with the lack of inclusion for disabled individuals within mining and the geosciences. Epilepsy has played a major role in my career and has been a guiding factor for my continued involvement in academic research over involvement in the traditional mining industry as an engineer. While I am proud to share my achievements in the face of my disability, it is still important to acknowledge the gaps in accessibility afforded to disabled students and working professionals. My disability frequently limited my ability to participate in educational field trips, as the sites were not accessible and could pose a large risk to my physical health. While caring for my physical health was vital to me, this lack of inclusion took a genuine toll on my mental health as well as my education. In the industry, my epilepsy has been a limiting factor in my ability to work as a mine engineer. As an educator, I strive to work with my students to create accessible opportunities for all students, not just those who may need additional avenues to educational access. As a mining professional, I aim to continue advocating for the inclusion of disabled voices at every step of the decision-making process within the industry.

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As a female-presenting individual, I continually struggle with the ability to find appropriately fitting personal protective equipment (PPE) on mine sites. PPE is legally required to be provided by an employer, but there are no regulations requiring employer-provided PPE to be designed to fit female bodies. This poses a grave health risk for women and female-presenting employees, who often have difficulty finding well-fitting gloves and reflective clothing. This lack of properly-fitting PPE leads women and female-presenting employees to either accept ill-fitting and potentially dangerous PPE or accept often frequent personal costs for their own safety equipment. I am working to bring acknowledgement to this issue, especially because it also spans multiple industries outside of mining. By notifying individual sites of this issue, we can bring well-fitting safety equipment to all employees, not just to those the mining industry considers the average (man or male-presenting) employee.

Presentations, Publications and Media

Journal Publications

Brown Requist and Momayez. (2025, Forthcoming) An Algorithm for the Efficient Placement of Air Quality Sensors in Underground Mines. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. 

Brown Requist, Satheesh, Brown, Lutz and Momayez. (2024) Mine Rescue and Self-Escape Survey: Current Preparedness Perceptions and Availability of Training Modalities. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, vol. 41, pp. 2931-2941, doi: 10.1007/s42461-024-01153-5

Brown Requist and Momayez. (2024) Minimum Cost Pathfinding Algorithm for the Determination of Optimal Paths under Airflow Constraints. Mining, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 429-446, doi: 10.3390/mining4020025

Brown Requist, Lutz and Momayez. (2024) Near real-time interpolative algorithm for modelling air quality in underground mines. Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol. 124, no. 3, pp. 153-162. doi: 10.17159/2411-9717/2638/2024

Stafford, Brown Requist, Lopez, Gordon, Momayez and Lutz. (2023) Underground Mining Self-Escape and Mine Rescue Practices: an Overview of Current and Historical Trends. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. doi: 10.1007/s42461-023-00863-6

Proceedings Publications

Brown Requist and Momayez. (2024, August) Towards Stie-Wide Air Mixture Monitoring: Lessons Learned from Geostatistics. 12th International Mine Ventilation Congress, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Brown Requist, Lutz and Momayez. (2023, June) Leveraging Air Quality Sensing for Carbon Monoxide Transport Modeling in Underground Coal Mines. 41st Application for Computers and Operations Research in the Mineral Industries (APCOM) Symposium, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA

Brown Requist, and Tenorio. (2023, March) Infrared and Full-Spectrum Photographic Approach to Downhole Resource Estimation of Water Ice in Permanently Shaded Lunar Regolith. SME Annual Conference 2023, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Tenorio, Kingsbury, Brown, Nickels, Tolmachoff and Nail. (2022, February) Ramp Design Fundamentals for the Excavation of Icy Regolith on the Moon, SME Annual Conference 2022, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

Oral Presentations

Brown Requist and Momayez. (2025, February) Spatial Statistics for Airborne Contamination Estimation: Case Study in the San Xavier Mine. SME Annual Meeting 2025, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Brown Requist, Leiterman, Nelms and Momayez. (2025, February) SLAM Lidar for Particulate Matter Monitoring: Case Study in the San Xavier Mine. SME Annual Meeting 2025, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Chimbwanda, Momayez, Risso and Brown Requist. (2025, February) Investigating the Influence of Geothermal Gradients on Methane Explosion Characteristics using Computational Fluid Dynamics. SME Annual Meeting 2025, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Brown Requist. (2024, November) Real-Time Underground Air Monitoring: Mathematical and Statistical Developments, Geotechnical Center of Excellence Fall Stakeholder Meeting, Tucson, Arizona, USA

Kingman, Androulakis and Roghanchi. (2024, August) Intelligent Fire Evacuation Routes: Leveraging a Mine-Wide IoT, 12th International Mine Ventilation Congress, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Brown Requist, Akbulut, Werner and Momayez. (2024, July) Digital Transformation at the San Xavier Mine: Fixed Sensing for Miner Health Surveillance, Minería Digital 2024, Santiago, Chile.

Akbulut, Brown Requist, Werner and Anani. (2024, July) Automated monitoring and visual analysis framework for geotechnical risk management in underground mines, Minería Digital 2024, Santiago, Chile.

Brown Requist and Momayez. (2024, February) Sensor Fusion Approaches to Bridge the Gap Between Personal and Area Monitoring in Underground Mines, SME Annual Meeting 2024, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

Tenorio, Brown Requist, Hunt, Gill, Riley and Downer. (2024, February) Development of a Comprehensive Mine Plan Approach for the Extraction of Icy Regolith on the South Pole of the Moon Using Surface Mine Modelling Software, SME Annual Meeting 2024, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

Brown, Kingsbury and Tenorio. (2021, June) Implementing Coal Mining Techniques for Water Ice Extraction in Permanently Shaded Regions of Lunar Regolith, Planetary and Terrestrial Mining Sciences Symposium 2021, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Poster Presentations

Akbulut, Heath, Werner, Anani, Wellman and Brown Requist. (2023, February) Resistivity Survey at the University of Arizona's San Xavier Mine, SME Annual Conference 2023, Denver, Colorado, USA

Brown Requist and Momayez. (2022, December) Self-Optimizing Interpolative Modeling Algorithm for Real-Time Monitoring in the Built Environment, SME Arizona Conference 2022, Tucson, Arizona, USA

Brown, Kingsbury and Tenorio. (2021, April) Descriptive Approach to Implementing Coal Mining Techniques for Water Ice Extraction in Permanently Shaded Regions of Lunar Regolith, Luxembourg Space Resources Week 2021, Sanem, Luxembourg

Invited Talks

Statistical Air Monitoring in Underground Mines for UArizona SME Student Chapter, Spring 2025. Introduction to statistical and numerical methods for air quality monitoring in underground mines as well as introduction to pilot studies in the San Xavier Underground Mining Laboratory.

Wearables for Health and Safety and Advances in Mining Health and Exposure Monitoring for UArizona Mining and Geological Engineering MNE 581: Digital Technology Management for Mining Innovation, Fall 2024. Discussion of current applications of wearable monitoring technologies and how these technologies are becoming key parts of health, safety, and exposure monitoring paradigms.

Introduction to Geostatistics for UArizona Mining and Geological Engineering MNE420/520: Data Analysis and Application Development for Mining Engineering. Spring 2024. Hands-on coding exercise over 2 class periods (1.5 hrs contact time) introducing students to ordinary kriging and resource modeling.

The XZ Backdoor and the Therac-25 for UArizona Mining and Geological Engineering MNE 420/520: Data Analysis and Application Development for Mining Engineering. Spring 2024. Discussion of the development of production-ready code and the importance of rigorous software testing.

Introduction to Mine Ventilation for UArizona Mining and Geological Engineering MNE 205: Introduction to Mining Engineering, Twice yearly, beginning November 2022. Discussion of basic ventilation topics and hands-on ventilation system design project.

Introduction to Mine Survey for UArizona Mining and Geological Engineering MNE 205: Introduction to Mining Engineering, Twice yearly, beginning September 2022. Discussion of mine survey methods and hands-on photogrammetry exercise

Convolutional Neural Networks for the Identification of Critical Minerals for UArizona College of Engineering ENGR 102HS Instructor Training, June 2022. Development, training, and validation of convolutional neural networks for a mineral identification project used in high school engineering classrooms as part of the mining engineering focus.

Media Appearances

Gleason, W. April 2024. Safety Share: Health & Safety Division presents first Dr. Jessica Elzea Kogel Mining Health & Safety Scholarship. Mining Engineering, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 54,56

Jobs of Tomorrow – Mining 2.0 Progress and Innovation in the Industry with the Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration and workerbee.tv (January 2023). Discussion of current and upcoming trends in the mining industry.

Jobs of Tomorrow – Community Relations: What’s Mine is Yours with the Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration and workerbee.tv (December 2022). Discussion of corporate social responsibility as mining continues to advance in the 21st century.

Jobs of Tomorrow – Make Mine ESG with the Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration and workerbee.tv (November 2022). Discussion of ESG in the mining industry and considerations the mining industry must make to minimize harm to environmental and social systems.

Works in Preparation

Cordova, Brown Requist, Reed, and Momayez. Measurement of Heat Strain in Mining: Correlation in Physiological Measures of Heat Stress. Manuscript under review for publication in Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration

Cordova, Brown Requist, Lazaro, and Momayez. The effects and perceptual responses of cooling technologies monitored during mining activity. Manuscript under review for publication in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

Brown Requist and Momayez. Application of Spatial Basis Functions for the Estimation of Airborne Contamination Distributions in Underground Mining Environments. Manuscript under review for inclusion in the proceedings of the 20th North American Mine Ventilation Symposium (2025)

Brown Requist and Momayez. SAM-UG: Real-Time Contamination Monitoring Platform Using Fixed Air Sensing in Underground Mining Environments. In preparation for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration.

Leiterman, Momayez and Brown Requist. SLAM Lidar for the Detection of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 in Underground Mining Environments. In preparation for Sensors.

Brown Requist and Momayez. Dustview 3D: Particulate Matter Visualization Software for SLAM Lidar Assessment of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10. In preparation for Advanced Powder Technology

Brown Requist. Estimation of PM2.5 Mass Concentration Distributions Using CFD-Informed Spatial Statistics and SAM-UG Platform in Underground Mines. In preparation for Safety Science

Brown Requist. Estimation of Airborne Contamination Distributions in Underground Mines using Composite Embedded Domain Kriging.

Brown Requist. Ordinary Kriging with Orthogonalized Quasimetric Anisotropy for the Assessment of Particulate Matter Concentrations in Underground Mines.

Brown Requist. Approaches for Kriging Particulate Matter Mass Concentrations in Underground Mines. In preparation for the proceedings of the 13th International Mine Ventilation Congress (2026).

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